Psychologické aspekty dysmenorey – přehledová studie

Kateřina Staňková
Alena Hricová ORCID logo
Roman Procházka

Abstrakt

Dysmenorea (bolestivá menstruace) představuje stále tabuizované, případně bagatelizované téma, ačkoli se týká významného počtu žen. Problém může mít rovněž zásadní psychologické konsekvence. Článek v podobě systematické přehledové studie předkládá přehled dosavadních poznatků o psychologických a psychopatologických aspektech dysmenorey na základě rešerše databáze časopiseckých zdrojů. Tématika je rozdělena do několika oblastí zaměřených na psychologické teorie vzniku dysmenorey, psychopatologii spojenou s dysmenoreou, ovlivnění selfkonceptů (jako je sebepojetí, locus of control, body image, aj.) a psychoterapeutické přístupy řešení dysmenorey. Dysmenorea může mít negativní vliv na sebevědomí a sebedůvěru žen v průběhu menstruace i mimo ni, negativně ovlivňuje kvalitu života, sociální vztahy a vnímání vlastního těla. Řadou výzkumů je potvrzena souvislost s emočními problémy, stresem a psychopatologiemi jako je depresivita, úzkost, neurotické problémy, OCD, poruchy příjmu potravy a dalšími. Léčba dysmenorey pomocí psychoterapie je účinná především v případě behaviorální a kognitivně behaviorální terapie, hypnoterapie, autogenního tréningu a dalších relaxačních technik a technik zaměřených na práci s tělem.

https://doi.org/10.29364/epsy.456

Klíčová slova

dysmenorea, psychologie bolesti, sebepojetí, well-being

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